哮喘病文獻

『壹』 怎樣會導致猝死

導致猝死的原因如下：

1、心臟性猝死

研究發現，關於心臟性猝死的原因之一便是心血管功能障礙。在生活中這種猝死是最為常見的，它主要與心律失常嚴重有關。一些 「健康者」猝死，便是這種情況。

另一方面，吸煙和不運動是導致冠心病猝死危險度上升的兩個因素，平時缺乏運動的人，他的猝死的危險程度會比經常運動的人高。

2、中風性猝死

據了解，由於中風而導致的猝死在一般情況下，從發病到死亡的相隔時間可達到數小時至1天。大多數時候中風性猝死是一種止血量多、出血速度快，牽扯著重要生命中樞部位的出血性中風。對於在之前就有中風病史、腦軟化的患者來說，發生再度中風導致猝死的可能性會更高也更容易。

3、肺源性猝死

肺源性猝死是一種會因為在夜間出現嚴重低氧血，呼吸性酸中毒進而猝死的症狀，還有就是慢性支氣管炎、肺氣腫患者，如果使用止喘氣霧劑過量，將會出現窒息或缺氧，導致猝死。對於長時間卧床不起的老年人，因為沒有較大的力氣咳嗽排出痰，也會導致痰栓阻塞氣道。

4、噎食性猝死

噎食性猝死表現為：突發性，病人無法言語且面部發紫，兩眼上翻，猝然倒下。此症狀多為老人。老人因牙病或牙齒缺失，咀嚼功能欠差；老年人的腦血管病變率高；老人嗜酒後容易失去控制；老人食道窄，吞咽食物不順；老年人情緒不穩，易因受刺激而發生食道痙攣。

(1)哮喘病文獻擴展閱讀：

如何有效預防與治療猝死：

1、生活方式的改變包括：戒煙、吸煙、減肥、定期鍛煉、遵循心臟健康的飲食、管理糖尿病、管理其他健康狀況，包括高血壓和膽固醇。

2、通過葯物：為了幫助降低心臟驟停的風險，醫生可能會為心臟病發作或心力衰竭或心律不齊等心律失常的人開葯。這些葯物可能包括ACE抑制劑，β-受體阻滯劑，鈣通道阻滯劑和其他抗心律失常葯。對於高膽固醇和冠狀動脈疾病的患者，可以開具他汀類葯物。

3、介入手術或手術：對於患有冠狀動脈疾病的患者，可能需要進行血管成形術（血管修復）或旁路手術等介入手術，以改善心肌血流量並降低SCD風險。對於患有其他疾病的患者，如肥厚性心肌病或先天性心臟病，可能需要進行介入手術或手術來糾正問題。

『貳』 如何快速治療風疹塊

蕁麻疹俗稱風疹塊。是由於皮膚、黏膜小血管擴張及滲透性增加而出現的一種局限性水腫反應，通常在2～24小時內消退，但反復發生新的皮疹。病程遷延數日至數月。臨床上較為常見。這種疾病四季均可發生，尤其以冬季多發。
蕁麻疹的病因
1、免疫功能失調：即免疫功能抑制或增強。此時如果有誘發因素存在即可成為蕁麻疹的起因。
2、食物及食物添加劑：主要是動物蛋白性食物，如魚蝦蟹等。植物性食物如茄子、竹筍、菠菜、蘋果、李子、桃等，加入食中的顏料、調味品、防腐劑也能成為蕁麻疹的起因。
3、吸入物：如花粉、動物皮屑、羽毛、真菌孢子、灰塵、甲醛等吸入均可成為蕁麻疹的起因，但這些患者伴有呼吸道症狀。
4、葯物：絕大部份葯物是通過變態反應引起的頑固性蕁麻疹，常見葯物有：血清製品、疫苗等。其發病有一定的潛伏期。而阿司匹林、嗎啡、阿托品、維生素B1、多粘菌素等葯物本身就是 組胺釋放劑，能直接刺激肥大細胞釋放組胺而發生蕁麻疹。
5、物理因素：如冷熱、日光、摩擦和壓力等都可引起。此外，胃腸疾病，代謝障礙，內分泌障礙和精神因素亦可引起。
蕁麻疹的治療方法
1、抗過敏益生菌。欣、敏、康抗過敏益生菌可以參與IgE介導的免疫變態反應，通過測定人類樹突狀細胞與抗過敏益生菌共同培養後可產生有機酸、游離脂肪酸、過氧化氫、細菌素等從而抑制其它有害菌的成長。經過「生物奪氧」使需氧型致病菌大幅度下降，益生菌能夠定殖於粘膜、肌膚等外表或細胞之間構成生物屏障，這些屏障能夠阻礙病原微生物的定殖，起著佔位、搶奪養分、互利共生或對抗效果。抗過敏益生菌欣、敏、康能夠影響機體的非特異性免疫功用，進而天然殺傷(NK)細胞的活性，增強免疫球蛋白IgA的排泄，改進皮膚外表或細胞之間構成的的屏障功用。可有效治療各類型過敏，包括：蕁麻疹、過敏性鼻炎、結膜炎、異位性皮膚炎、過敏性哮喘、食物、花粉等過敏症狀。
2、抗組織胺類葯物。其種類很多，有的有嗜睡作用，有的沒有或輕微，根據各人病情，工作，生活情況選用。對駕駛員、高空作業的人員，要選用沒有嗜睡作用的，瘙癢重、睡眠不佳，可選用有鎮靜作用的。對急性蕁麻疹輕的可以注射苯海拉明或異丙嗪，同時可口服氯雷他定、西替利嗪、賽庚啶、嗪、撲爾敏等維持。
蕁麻疹的護理方法
1、不要使用熱毛巾敷皮損處，而且也不要洗熱水澡，有些患者覺得用熱水洗過之後皮膚會很舒服，但這只是暫時的，實際上這對於皮膚是一種刺激，熱會導致患者的血管緊張，反而釋放出了更多的過敏源。
2、遠離過敏源，患者要找出自己的過敏源是什麼，這樣才可能有效的遠離。同時在生活中不要吃海鮮或是一些高蛋白的食物，千萬不要隨便亂用葯。治療時要聽從醫生的囑咐，消除對疾病的擔心，這樣才有可以完全康復。
3、蕁麻疹發作會忍不住去抓，但這個病不停的抓並不能止癢，而且還會讓患者感覺越抓越癢，因為抓的時候皮膚的溫度會長高，讓皮膚出現了更多的過敏源病毒，所以導致病情惡化，給治療帶來了難度。

『叄』 杜月笙去世後，留給孟小冬的遺產並不多，孟小冬是如何謀生的

杜月笙雖然沒讀過多少書，但在他的為人做事中透著一股子精明。他有著過人的投機本領，對權術的玩弄也入木三分，在他打過交道的人中，有前清貴族，有政客軍閥，有政府高層，有社會名流，形形色色，不一而足。他覺得錢這種東西會貶值，但人情不會，所以對於各色人等都執理甚恭，傾力結交。

在香港孟小冬大約住了15年後，她應姚玉蘭之邀移居台灣。在台灣的孟小冬逐漸閑了下來，打太極拳、遛狗、看電視占滿孟小冬的決大部分生活。也許是「冬皇」的名頭太過響亮，在台灣時許多人都找上她希望她能出來演出或者指導一番，不過這些人都遭到了她的婉拒。此時的她不愁生計，於是便不願拋頭露面，她說，杜月笙對她情深義重，是對杜月笙的不尊重

『肆』 維生素d與哮喘關系的關系文獻檢索詞怎麼用

以知網示範，在搜索頁面，點擊高級檢索

如圖所示，可以檢索出維生素D與哮喘相關的文獻。

『伍』 檢索阿司匹林誘發哮喘方面的文獻檢索詞是

根據您所說的情況，考慮可能屬於慢性咳嗽的症狀，如果伴有舌苔白，受涼勞累則咳嗽加重等，可能屬於肺脾氣虛導致的症狀，建議可選用補肺湯補肺氣止咳嗽，同時注意保暖，飲食溫熱為主。楚雅 長沙

『陸』 住在甲醛超標的房子兩年了會不會得白血病

『柒』 求關於寄生蟲與哮喘的文獻！！！急啊！！

Helminthic infections have been shown to inhibit allergy skin-prick tests and to modify the course of asthma. We evaluated Dermatophagoides pteronyssinusspecific immune responses in patients with asthma by measuring levels of T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures. PBMCs from Schistosoma mansoniinfected patients with asthma living in an area of polyhelminthic endemicity proced lower levels of interleukin (IL)5 and IL-4 in response to D. pteronyssinus antigen (Ag) 1 than did PBMCs from helminth-free patients with asthma. In contrast, D. pteronyssinus Ag 1specific proction of IL-10 was higher in helminth-infected patients than in helminth-free patients. The addition of recombinant human IL-10 to D. pteronyssinus Ag 1stimulated cultures of PBMCs from helminth-free patients led to down-molation of proction of IL-5. After helminth-infected patients with asthma received antihelminthic treatment, there was down-molation of D. pteronyssinus Ag 1specific proction of IL-10 in vitro. S. mansoniinfected patients with asthma proce lower levels of Th2 cytokines than do helminth-free patients with asthma, and this molation is likely done by IL-10.

Parasites, Allergy, and Asthma
John Britton, M.D.
University of Nottingham Nottingham, United Kingdom

Asthma is generally more common in developed than developing countries, and within developing countries, it tends to be rare in rural relative to urban populations (1). This indicates either that environmental factors associated with urbanization and affluence cause asthma or that aspects of a rural subsistence lifestyle prevent it. Given the clinical significance of the asthma epidemic in developed countries in recent decades, it is of obvious importance to investigate the factors responsible.

It was first suggested that intestinal parasite infections may be involved, possibly by blockade of allergen-specific IgE binding on mast cells by the high levels of IgE proced in response to the parasite (2), in the early 1970s. Epidemiologic interest in parasite effects persisted into the 1980s but appears to have diminished after a 1985 review concluded that the data "neither refute nor support the theory that parasite infection protects against asthma" (3). Recently however, the parasite hypothesis has again begun to attract attention (4–), and in this issue of AJRCCM (pp. 313–317) Cooper and colleagues (10) report cross-sectional evidence that parasites protect against allergic sensitisation and exercise-inced wheeze, but not other allergic symptoms, in children in Ecuador. Their findings on allergic sensitization are essentially similar to those reported in a subgroup of the same population in another article (11), which also presents data on total and specific IgE, but not symptoms. It is unfortunate that all of these data, if available for all of the participants in the present study, were not presented in a single report.

Several of the recent studies provide evidence of protection by parasites against allergic sensitization. In Gabonese children, Schistosoma infection is associated with a reced risk of skin sensitization to house st mite (6), an effect apparently mediated by interleukin-10 rather than IgE blockade (6, 12). Reced allergic sensitization in the presence of helminth infection is also reported in alts from The Gambia (4), whereas a Venezuelan study has demonstrated that parasite eradication increases allergic skin sensitization and allergen-specific IgE levels in children (13). These findings are all therefore consistent with those of Cooper and colleagues (10, 11).

In relation to wheeze or asthma, however, the data are less clear. The Gabon study did not present data on symptoms (6), but a study from Brazil suggests that asthma may be less severe in children infected with Schistosoma (7). Physician-diagnosed asthma has also been reported to be less common in Taiwanese children infected with pinworm (data on allergic sensitization not presented) (9), again suggesting a protective effect. In the Gambian study, however, neither helminth infection nor allergic sensitization was related to wheeze (4), whereas a study from China has reported an increased risk of childhood asthma as well as allergic sensitization in association with Ascaris infection (14). In Venezuela, eradication of parasites in children with asthma appears to have caused improvement, rather than deterioration, in asthma severity (15). These data are clearly much less indicative of protection against asthma, and the study from Ecuador is equivocal in this respect: parasite infections were associated with reced risks of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema, but significantly so only for exercise-inced wheeze (10).

Our own findings in Ethiopia are different again from many of these studies. We have shown a strong and intensity-related rection in the risk of wheeze with parasite infection in independent studies of alts (5) and young children (8), but an increased risk of sensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in rural alts infected with parasites, with dissociation from an increased risk of wheeze in the presence of higher-intensity parasite infection (5). In young children, allergic sensitization was unrelated to parasite infections or wheeze (8).

Why do these inconsistencies arise? Aside from false positive and negative findings, one obvious possibility is that some cross-sectional associations are e to confounding by exposure to endotoxin, hepatitis A, allergens, or any of the other factors linked to the etiology of asthma. Hepatitis A infection and Der p1 exposure did not confound our results in alts in Ethiopia (5), but much larger studies than are currently available are necessary to fully resolve these issues. A second explanation is that allergic indivials are less likely to become infected with parasites, itself an attractive explanation for the evolutionary persistence of a common trait with little other obvious survival advantage. A further possibility is that some of these effects are parasite species-specific and that the confusion in the literature arises in part from confounding by infection with more than one parasite. Our studies, and those from the Gabon, are consistent to the extent that they demonstrate effects arising from parasites with a systemic phase in their life cycle (5, 6), in our case particularly hookworm (5). Systemic phase parasites such as the hookworm have developed defense mechanisms to allow them to survive the powerful immune responses mounted against them by the host (16), many of which are also likely to have antiallergic activity. Not all of the available data support this idea, however, and few studies, including this latest (10), have estimated independent effects for indivial parasite species.

Those seeking a simple answer may find the inconsistencies irreconcilable and conclude that this line of investigation is going nowhere. The risk of this is, however, to miss seeing the wood for the trees because many of the effects described in these studies are strong and therefore likely to reflect important etiologic influences. The studies also contain other messages that should not be ignored. Given that allergic sensitization is a strong risk factor for asthma in most developed countries, the consistent lack of association in many of these tropical populations certainly merits further investigation. If valid, the inverse relationships reported in the studies cited also have important implications for current thinking on the role of T-lymphocyte immune polarization in the pathogenesis of allergic disease. Given that eradication of parasite infection is a universal public health goal, it is also important that any potential adverse effects of this policy are properly defined. The article by Cooper and colleagues (10) is a welcome contribution because it provides further evidence that something relevant lies in these associations. The challenge is to understand and apply them to practical benefit.

REFERENCES

Weinberg EG. Urbanization and childhood asthma: an African perspective. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;105:224–231.[CrossRef][Medline]
Godfrey RC, Gradidge CF. Allergic sensitisation of human lung fragments prevented by saturation of IgE binding sites. Nature 1976;259:484–486.[CrossRef][Medline]
Masters S, Barrett-Connor E. Parasites and asthma: predictive or protective? Epidemiol Rev 1985;7:49–58.[Free Full Text]
Nyan OA, Walraven GE, Banya WA, Milligan P, Van Der SM, Ceesay SM, Del Prete G, McAdam KP. Atopy, intestinal helminth infection and total serum IgE in rural and urban alt Gambian communities. Clin Exp Allergy 2001;31:1672–1678.[CrossRef][Medline]
Scrivener S, Yemaneberhan H, Zebenigus M, Tilahun D, Girma S, Ali S, McElroy P, Custovic A, Woodcock A, Pritchard D, et al. Independent effects of intestinal parasite infection and domestic allergen exposure on risk of wheeze in Ethiopia: a nested case-control study. Lancet 2001;358:1493–1499.[CrossRef][Medline]
van den Biggelaar AHJ, van Ree R, Rodrigues LC, Lell B, Deelder AM, Kremsner PG, Yazdanbakhsh M. Decreased atopy in children infected with Schistosoma haematobium: a role for parasite-inced interleukin-10. Lancet 2000;356:1723–1727.[CrossRef][Medline]
Medeiros M Jr, Figueiredo JP, Almeida MC, Matos MA, Araujo MI, Cruz AA, Atta AM, Rego MA, De Jesus AR, Taketomi EA, et al. Schistosoma mansoni infection is associated with a reced course of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;111:947–951.[CrossRef][Medline]
Dagoye D, Bekele Z, Woldemichael K, Nida H, Yimam M, Hall A, Venn AJ, Britton J, Hubbard R, Lewis S. Wheezing, allergy and parasite infection in children in urban and rural Ethiopia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;167:1369–1373.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Huang SL, Tsai PF, Yeh YF. Negative association of Enterobius infestation with asthma and rhinitis in primary school children in Taipei. Clin Exp Allergy 2002;32:1029–1032.[CrossRef][Medline]
Cooper PJ, Chico ME, Bland M, Griffin GE, Nutman TB. Allergic symptoms, atopy, and geohelminth infections in a rural area of Ecuador. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;168:313–317.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Cooper PJ, Chico ME, Rodrigues LC, Ordonez M, Strachan D, Griffin GE, Nutman TB. Reced risk of atopy among school-age children infected with geohelminth parasites in a rural area of the tropics. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;111:995–1000.[CrossRef][Medline]
van den Biggelaar AH, Lopuhaa C, van Ree R, van der Zee JS, Jans J, Hoek A, Migombet B, Borrmann S, Luckner D, Kremsner PG, et al. The prevalence of parasite infestation and house st mite sensitization in Gabonese schoolchildren. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2001;126:231–238.[CrossRef][Medline]
Lynch NR, Hagel I, Perez M, Di Prisco MC, Lopez R, Alvarez N. Effect of anthelmintic treatment on the allergic reactivity of children in a tropical slum. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1993;92:404–411.[CrossRef][Medline]
Palmer LJ, Celedon JC, Weiss ST, Wang BY, Fang ZA, Xu XP. Ascaris lumbricoides infection is associated with increased risk of childhood asthma and atopy in rural China. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165:1489–1493.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Lynch NR, Palenque M, Hagel I, Di Prisco MC. Clinical improvement of asthma after anthelminthic treatment in a tropical situation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156:50–54.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Loukas A, Prociv P. Immune responses in hookworm infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 2001;14:689–703.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

『捌』 醫用文獻信息檢索的期考大題！！！在線等1！！！！！

資料庫，中文的可以用CNKI，萬方資料庫，英文的可以用ProQuest,EBSCOhost,ScienceDirect,web of science.
關鍵詞你不是列出來的么
卡介苗（Calmette's vaccine）；白介素6（IL-6）；維生素A（vitamin A）;支氣管哮喘（bronchial asthma）
檢索過程就是打開資料庫，輸入賬號密碼，登陸進去，輸入關鍵詞，然後再從相關度裡面去挑選唄

『玖』 做哮喘模型，賽默飛氫氧化鋁佐劑是多少毫升，但是文獻里都是多少克，這怎麼算

現在哮喘的治療也是以控制為主，目前還沒有完全治癒的辦法，其方法也是很多，但是應該根據患者情況選擇適合自己的方法。

由於哮喘的病理基礎是慢性非特異性炎症，慢性炎症控制氣道是哮喘的基本治療在哮喘的理想的長期控制了重要的作用。常用的葯物是吸入糖皮質激素和色素。一些較新的葯物，如白三烯調節、激動劑長效β2茶鹼控釋也有一定的抗炎作用。吸入激素是最基本的控制哮喘治療的長期穩定性，並且是醫療哮喘的第一行。

對症用葯建議：
急性哮喘發作之前，往往有鼻子和粘膜的症狀，如打噴嚏，流鼻涕、眼睛發癢流淚、乾咳胸悶等。

喘息和呼吸急促：這是哮喘的典型症狀，喘息的發作往往是突然的。呼吸困難呼吸困難，其特點是吸氣時間短，呼氣時間長。患者感到呼氣和努力，但有些患者感到呼氣和吸氣。

咳嗽：咳嗽是哮喘的常見症狀，造成氣道和支氣管痙攣的炎症。乾咳通常是哮喘的前兆。當哮喘發作時，咳嗽症狀減少了，主要是喘息。

哮喘是否遺傳的解釋：
支氣管哮喘具有非常明顯的家族性質。淺表性哮喘與遺傳密切相關，但屬於「多基因疾病」。環境因素也起著重要作用。因此，遺傳只能決定患者的過敏，即是否容易。對各種環境因素的過敏反應，是否是易患哮喘的人群。總之，哮喘之父通常不會直接遺傳孩子的哮喘。孩子繼承只是過敏性體質（不一定是過敏，這是概率的問題，而且有可能是孩子是完全正常的，健康的，當然孩子將來也有可能患有過敏性鼻炎、濕疹等與免疫系統有關的疾病。

『拾』 解表祛濕的中葯有哪些

解表葯
發散風寒葯
發散風寒用生薑，桂枝紫蘇和麻黃，
辛夷胡荽與香薷，白芷蔥白加荊防，
羌活藁本蒼耳子，檉柳細辛效果良。
發散風熱葯
發散風熱有升麻，浮萍薄荷桑菊花，
柴葛蔓荊牛蒡子，木賊豆豉蟬衣加。
祛風濕葯
祛風濕散寒葯
除風除濕散寒凝，海風藤莖雷公藤，
獨活川烏威靈仙，烏稍蘄蛇尋骨風，
木瓜老鸛伸筋草，蠶沙松節路路通。
祛風濕清熱葯
祛風除濕消熱腫，秦艽海桐臭梧桐，
桑枝防己豨薟草，絲瓜絡石穿山龍。
祛風濕強筋骨葯
祛風除濕強筋骨，寄生狗脊功不沒，
五加根皮千年健，芳香揮發浸酒服。
化濕葯
芳香化濕用蒼術，藿香佩蘭加厚朴，
草果砂仁二豆蔻，溫脾健胃寒濕除。
利水滲濕葯
利水滲濕葯分三，消腫茯苓豬苓先，
澤瀉澤漆薏苡仁，冬瓜葫蘆薺菜添，
香加皮和玉米須，螻蛄入葯用生干。
利尿通淋關木通，萆薢扁蓄和車前，
瞿麥通草燈心草，石韋滑石海金沙，
莫忘地膚冬葵子，利濕通黃用金錢，
茵陳虎杖地耳草，垂盆全草功夫全。
保濟丸由鉤藤、菊花、厚朴、蒼術、藿香、茯苓、橘紅、白芷、薏苡仁、谷芽等組成。其功效解表、祛濕、和中。保濟丸用葯種類雖多（16味），但葯物均為副作用極小的植物葯組成，加之配伍合理，君臣佐使分明，既有治病作用，也有防病保健的功效。
臨床證明，保濟丸為治濕邪侵襲機體引起的感冒、泄瀉、嘔吐等的有效中成葯。方中藿香芳香辛散，解表化濕兼能止嘔，蒼術、橘紅、白芷解表散寒，燥濕寬中，厚朴燥濕除滿，下氣和中，共為主葯。菊花、白蒺藜、薄荷解表祛邪，茯苓、薏苡仁淡滲利濕，神曲、谷芽、木通醒脾健胃，葛根升清止瀉，天花粉生津以防陰液受傷，另配鉤藤既起清透作用，又可防脾虛肝盛而生風，共為佐使葯。諸葯配伍，可共奏解表、祛濕、和中之功。
一、解表葯
1.1辛溫解表葯
麻黃：發汗、平喘、利水
桂枝：發汗解表、溫經通陽
紫蘇：發表散寒、行氣寬中、解魚蟹毒
荊芥：祛風解表、透疹止癢、(炭)
止血
防風：祛風解表、勝濕、止痛、解痙
白芷：祛風解表、燥濕止帶、消腫排膿、止痛
生薑：發汗解表、溫中止嘔、溫肺止咳
香薷：發汗解表、和中化濕、利水消腫
羌活：解表散寒、祛風勝濕、止痛
辛夷：散風寒、通鼻竅
藁本：發表散寒、祛風勝濕、止痛
蒼耳子：散風寒、通鼻竅、祛風濕、止痛
1.2辛涼解表葯
薄荷：疏散風熱、清利頭目、利咽、透疹
蟬蛻：疏風熱、透疹、明目退翳、息風止痙
桑葉：疏風清熱、清肝明目
菊花：疏風清熱、解毒、明目、平肝
葛根：發表解肌、升陽透疹、解熱生津
柴胡：和解退熱、疏肝解郁、升舉陽氣
牛蒡子：疏散風熱、解毒透疹、利咽散腫
升麻：發表透疹、清熱解毒、升陽舉陷
蔓荊子：疏散風熱、清利頭目
淡豆豉：解表、除煩
二、清熱葯
2.1清熱瀉火葯
石膏：清熱瀉火、除煩止渴、收斂生肌
知母：清熱瀉火、滋陰潤燥
梔子:
瀉火除煩、清熱利濕、涼血解毒、消腫止痛
夏枯草：清肝火、散郁結、降血壓
蘆根：清熱生津、止嘔、除煩、利尿
天花粉：清熱生津、消腫排膿
淡竹葉：清熱除煩、利尿
2.2清熱燥濕葯
黃芩：清熱燥濕、瀉火解毒、止血安胎
黃連：清熱燥濕、瀉火解毒
黃柏：清熱燥濕、瀉火解毒、退虛熱
龍膽草：清熱燥濕、瀉肝火
苦參：清熱燥濕、祛風殺蟲、利尿
2.3清熱涼血葯
生地黃：清熱涼血、養陰生津、止血
玄參：清熱涼血、解毒、養陰
牡丹皮：清熱涼血、活血散瘀、退虛熱
赤芍：清熱涼血、祛瘀止痛
水牛角：清熱、涼血、解毒
紫草：涼血活血、解毒透疹
2.4清熱解毒葯
金銀花：清熱解毒、疏散風熱、清熱解暑(露)
連翹：清熱解毒、疏散風熱、消癰散結
蒲公英：清熱解毒、利濕
大青葉：清熱解毒、涼血清斑
牛黃：清熱解毒、息風止痙、化痰開竅
魚腥草：清熱解毒、排膿、利尿
射干：清熱解毒、祛痰利咽
白頭翁：清熱、解毒、涼血
板蘭根：清熱解毒、涼血、利咽
青黛：清熱解毒、涼血散腫
土茯苓：解毒、除濕、利關節
山豆根：清熱解毒、利咽喉、散腫止痛
白花蛇舌草：清熱、利濕、解毒、消癰
紫花地丁：清熱解毒
穿心蓮：清熱解毒、燥濕
馬齒莧：清熱解毒、涼血止血
馬勃：清肺、利咽、解毒、止血
秦皮：清熱解毒、清肝明目
白鮮皮：清熱解毒、除濕、止癢
鴉膽子：清熱解毒、截瘧治痢、(外)
腐蝕贅疣
熊膽：清熱解毒、止痙、明目
2.5清虛熱葯
青藁：退虛熱、涼血、解暑、截瘧
地骨皮：涼血退蒸、清泄肺熱
白薇：清熱涼血、利尿通淋
銀柴胡：退虛熱、清疳熱
胡黃連：退虛熱、除疳熱、清濕熱